Influenza virus is a virus that attacks the respiratory system and can cause flu. This disease is easily transmitted through saliva droplets when coughing or sneezing, as well as direct contact with objects contaminated with the virus. Influenza is not just a common flu, this virus can cause serious complications, especially for children, the elderly and people with weak immune systems.
Causes of Influenza
Influenza is caused by influenza viruses types A, B, and C. These viruses continue to mutate, so the flu can attack repeatedly with different variants. It can spread through:
- Droplet splashes when coughing or sneezing
- Contact with objects contaminated with the virus (such as doorknobs, cell phones, or tables)
- Touching hands to face before washing hands
Symptoms of Influenza
Flu symptoms usually appear suddenly and can include:
- Fever or chills
- Dry cough
- Runny nose or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Muscle and joint pain
- Fatigue or weakness
In some cases, especially in children and people with weak immune systems, the flu can cause complications such as pneumonia, sinusitis, or ear infections.
How to Prevent Influenza
To avoid the risk of catching the flu, take the following steps:
- Wash Your Hands Regularly. Use soap and running water to kill the virus.
- Use a Mask. Especially when in crowded places or when you are sick.
- Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle. Eat nutritious food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly to increase endurance.
- Avoid Contact with Sick People. If possible, keep your distance to reduce the risk of infection.
- Influenza Vaccination. The most effective way to protect yourself from seasonal flu.
When to See a Doctor?
If you experience flu symptoms that get worse and interfere with your activities, see a doctor immediately, especially if you experience:
- Shortness of breath or chest pain
- High fever that doesn't go down
- Lips or face appear bluish
- Confusion or difficulty waking up from sleep
Influenza may sound like a mild illness, but it can have serious consequences if not treated properly. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and getting vaccinated against influenza, we can reduce our risk of infection and protect those around us. Don't take the flu lightly.
Don't Wait Until You're Sick. Prevent Before It's Too Late!
Article written by dr. Levica A. Tiranda, MKK (General Practitioner, EMC Alam Sutera Hospital).