Dehydration in infants is a condition that parents need to be aware of, because it can cause organ damage, even death in cases of severe dehydration. Infants have higher fluid needs than adults, so they are more susceptible to dehydration. Therefore, it is important for parents to know the characteristics of dehydration in infants so that they can immediately provide appropriate treatment.
Dehydration in Babies
Some signs that can help parents recognize signs of dehydration in their children include:
- Dry lips and mouth
Dry or sticky lips and mouth are one of the first signs of dehydration in babies. This condition occurs because the baby's body loses fluids, and their saliva production decreases. - Crying without tears and sunken eyelids
Crying without tears is another sign to look for. If your baby is crying but no tears are coming out, this could be an indication that their body is dehydrated. - Decreased frequency of urination
Babies who are dehydrated will experience a decrease in the frequency of urination, the baby will not be filled for more than 6 hours, this could be a sign that the body is lacking fluids. - Sunken
A baby's fontanel that is still open can look sunken when the baby is dehydrated. This is the soft area on the baby's head that functions to allow for brain growth. If the fontanel is sunken, it is a sign that your baby is lacking fluids. - The baby looks weak and lethargic
Babies who are dehydrated may appear more lethargic and inactive. They may not show interest in playing or interacting, even when given the stimulation they normally enjoy. - Dry skin and reduced elasticity
Decreased skin elasticity is one sign of dehydration. Try pinching your baby's skin on the back of their hand or foot, if the skin does not return to its original position quickly, this could be a sign of dehydration. - Pale and anxious looking face
Additionally, babies may appear more anxious and fussy due to the discomfort caused by dehydration.
Management of Dehydration in Infants
Managing dehydration in infants is very important to prevent more serious health problems. Here are some steps that parents can take at home:
1. Give breast milk more often
If your baby is still breastfed, make sure to breastfeed more often than usual. Breast milk is the best source of fluids for a dehydrated baby. Don't hesitate to breastfeed your baby whenever they show signs of hunger or thirst.
2. Give oral rehydration fluids
For babies who are old enough and able to receive fluids other than breast milk, giving oralit solution can help replace lost fluids and electrolytes. Oralit contains electrolytes that are very important for rehydrating the baby's body.
3. Increase fluid intake
Giving additional fluids such as boiled water or fruit juice can help your baby stay well hydrated. Be sure to give fluids in small amounts but as often as possible.
4. Keep the baby's body temperature normal
5. Consult a doctor
Preventing Dehydration in Babies
Make sure your baby gets breast milk regularly and enough to maintain adequate body fluids. Also, avoid direct sunlight exposure, especially during hot weather, and make sure your baby gets fluids more often to avoid dehydration.
If your baby is sick, especially with symptoms of diarrhea or vomiting, immediately provide sufficient replacement fluids. If dehydration symptoms worsen, consult a doctor immediately for further treatment.
The Importance of Parental Vigilance
Dehydration in babies can occur quickly and requires immediate attention from parents. Knowing the signs of dehydration and how to treat it will greatly help prevent more severe conditions. Always make sure your baby gets enough fluids, either through breast milk or other replacement fluids, especially during hot weather or when the baby is sick.
Parents can pay attention to the signs and symptoms of dehydration in their little ones such as the symptoms above. If dehydration symptoms do not improve, consult a doctor immediately to get the right treatment. Alertness and quick action from parents are very important in maintaining optimal baby health.
Article written by dr. Messia Paramita, Sp.A, M.Sc (Pediatrician, EMC Sentul Hospital).