Prickly heat, or miliaria, is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of small, red rashes that are itchy and cause a burning or stinging sensation. This condition is common in babies, but adults can also experience it, especially in hot or humid weather. Prickly heat can be very annoying, especially if not treated promptly and properly.
Causes of Prickly Heat
Prickly heat occurs due to blockage of sweat glands, which causes sweat to become trapped under the skin and trigger a rash. Some factors that increase the risk of developing prickly heat include:
- Hot and Humid Climate: Hot and humid weather increases sweat production, which can clog skin pores.
- Intense Physical Activity: Exercise or strenuous activity that causes a lot of sweating can cause prickly heat.
- Thick or Tight Clothing: Wearing clothing that does not absorb sweat or is too tight can inhibit the evaporation of sweat.
- Immature Sweat Glands: In babies, immature sweat glands make them more susceptible to prickly heat.
In addition, the use of skin products such as heavy lotions or creams can also clog pores and worsen the condition. Therefore, it is important to understand what triggers can affect the appearance of prickly heat.
Symptoms of Prickly Heat
The main symptoms of prickly heat are small red spots that are itchy or sore. This rash often appears on areas of the body such as the neck, chest, back, and skin folds, including the armpits and groin. In certain conditions, prickly heat can get worse if not treated immediately. Continuous itching and severe irritation can interfere with daily activities, especially in areas with friction.
Triggers such as hot temperatures or poorly breathable clothing often worsen symptoms. Therefore, it is important to take simple precautions and treatments to avoid this condition.
How to Treat Prickly Heat
To relieve and prevent prickly heat, you can take the following steps:
- Cold compress
Apply a cold compress or ice wrapped in a cloth to the affected area for 20 minutes every hour. This is effective in reducing inflammation and itching.
- Wear Loose Clothing
Choose loose, cotton clothing to increase air circulation and absorb sweat.
- Avoid Hot Temperatures
Stay in a cool environment and avoid excessive heat exposure to prevent excessive sweat production.
- Keep Your Skin Clean
Shower regularly with clean water and mild soap to remove sweat and dirt that can clog pores.
- Use Calamine Lotion
Apply calamine lotion to the affected area to reduce itching and soothe the skin.
- Avoid Thick Creams or Oils
Heavy skin products can clog pores and worsen prickly heat.
If you follow these steps, prickly heat symptoms will usually improve within a few days. However, it is important to keep an eye on your skin condition and avoid triggers.
Additional Tips to Prevent Prickly Heat
In addition to how to overcome it, there are several preventive steps you can take:
- Make sure your room is well ventilated or use fans and air conditioning to keep the temperature cool.
- Avoid wearing synthetic clothing that does not absorb sweat.
- If you exercise, change clothes immediately after you finish to prevent sweat from building up on your skin.
- Drink enough water to keep your body hydrated, especially in hot weather.
These steps not only help prevent prickly heat but also maintain overall skin health.
Treatment and Follow-up for Prickly Heat
If prickly heat does not improve despite self-care, or if it is accompanied by symptoms such as fever, severe pain, or signs of infection such as swollen and pus-filled skin, consult a dermatologist immediately. Proper treatment is highly recommended to prevent more serious complications.
Your doctor may prescribe specific medications to help treat severe prickly heat. This will ensure your skin heals quickly and reduce the risk of infection that could make the problem worse.
In addition, maintaining skin cleanliness, wearing comfortable clothing, and preventing excessive heat exposure are important steps to prevent prickly heat. With consistent care, you can maintain healthy skin and support comfort in carrying out daily activities.
Article written by dr. Elin Herlina, Sp.DVE (Specialist Doctor of Dermatology and Venereology, EMC Cibitung Hospital).