Red eyes are a common condition that often causes discomfort and interferes with daily activities. Various causes of red eyes can occur, ranging from mild irritation to more serious health problems.
Recognizing the cause is crucial to taking appropriate action. This article will discuss the various factors that cause red eyes and how to treat them to keep your eyes healthy and comfortable.
Common Causes of Red Eyes
Red eyes can be caused by a variety of things and often go away on their own, but sometimes they indicate a more serious health problem. Here are some common causes that can lead to red eyes:
- Environmental Irritation
Dust, smoke, and air pollution are often triggers for red eyes. These substances can irritate the outer layer of the eye, causing redness, itching, and stinging. In addition, exposure to chemicals such as chlorine in swimming pools can also trigger eye irritation. - Allergy
Some things that can cause red eyes are allergic reactions to pollen, animal dander, or household dust. Other symptoms that indicate eye allergies include itching, watery eyes, and swollen eyelids. - Conjunctivitis (Red Eyes Due to Infection) or Keratitis
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, a thin membrane that covers the white of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. It can be caused by a viral, bacterial, or allergic infection, accompanied by fluid or sticky eyelids. - Dry Eyes
Dry eye condition occurs when there is insufficient tear production or poor tear quality, causing the eyes to become irritated and red. Dry eyes are often experienced by individuals who work too long in front of a computer or are in an air-conditioned room. - Eye Injury
Trauma or injury to the eye, such as a foreign object, a scratch, or a blow, can cause red eyes. Medical attention is needed to prevent serious complications. - Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
Red eyes can be a sign of a serious condition such as acute angle-closure glaucoma. This is a medical emergency that occurs due to a sudden increase in pressure in the eye. In addition to red eyes, other symptoms include severe pain, blurred vision, and nausea.
Red eyes can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from minor irritations to more complex medical conditions. Knowing the cause is important so you can take the right steps to address it.
How to Treat Red Eyes
Red eyes can indicate a health problem. It is important to know how to treat red eyes properly to prevent complications. Here are some steps you can take to relieve red eyes:
- Avoid Irritant Triggers
The first step in treating red eyes is to avoid the triggers. If your eyes are exposed to dust or pollution, wash your eyes with clean water or use eye drops recommended by your doctor to relieve irritation. - Cold compress
A cold compress can help reduce inflammation and redness in red eyes caused by allergies or minor irritations. Use a clean cloth soaked in cold water and place it over your eyes for a few minutes to help reduce redness. - Eye Drops
Moisturizing eye drops (artificial tears) can be used to treat dry eyes and mild irritation. If allergies are the cause of red eyes, doctors usually recommend using eye drops containing antihistamines to relieve symptoms. - Consultation with a Doctor
If the red eye does not improve after a few days, is accompanied by severe pain, or there is impaired vision, consult an eye specialist immediately. Examination by a medical professional is needed to identify the exact cause and provide appropriate treatment. - Treatment for Conjunctivitis
If the pink eye is caused by a bacterial infection, the doctor will usually prescribe antibiotics in the form of ointments or eye drops to treat it. Viral conjunctivitis resolves on its own within a few days, but maintaining cleanliness is important to prevent the spread. - Treatment for Glaucoma
Acute angle-closure glaucoma requires immediate medical attention to lower the pressure in the eye. Your doctor may prescribe medications or perform procedures to treat the condition.
If red eyes do not improve or are accompanied by other symptoms, consult a doctor immediately to get proper treatment and prevent further complications.
Tips to Prevent Red Eyes
- Keep Your Eyes Clean
Avoid touching your eyes with dirty hands, and be sure to wash your hands regularly. If you wear contact lenses, clean them thoroughly according to the instructions for use. - Use Eye Protection
When in a dusty environment or exposed to chemicals, wear protective glasses to prevent eye irritation. - Rest Your Eyes
If you work in front of a computer screen for long periods of time, try the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look away at an object 20 feet (about 6 meters) away for 20 seconds. - Avoid Excessive Use of Cosmetics
The use of cosmetics around the eyes, such as mascara or eyeliner, should not be excessive and should be cleaned immediately before going to bed to avoid irritation.
The Importance of Proper Handling
Red eyes are a common problem, but if left untreated, they can lead to more serious complications. By understanding the causes and how to treat them, you can maintain your eye health and prevent bigger problems down the road.
Consult a doctor immediately if your red eyes do not improve or if other accompanying symptoms appear. With proper care and consistent attention, you can ensure that your eyes remain healthy and functioning well throughout life.
Article written by dr. Cicilia Hendarmin, Sp.M (Eye Specialist Doctor, EMC Pulomas Hospital).