Hives, also known as urticaria, is a medical condition characterized by the appearance of a rash in the form of itchy red spots on the skin and can appear on any area of the skin, including the face, neck, ears, and throughout the body. This skin rash can appear over a short period of time and is often accompanied by an intense itching sensation. Initially, these welts appear only on one part of the body, but over time these welts eventually spread. One common cause is allergies, but the size and shape of the welts can vary. Hives are relatively mild and heal on their own after a few hours or after taking anti-allergic medication. However, in some cases, hives can last for several weeks and recur. This condition can be called chronic hives.
In general, hives occur due to high levels of histamine released by the body's immune system. Histamine is released by the immune system and makes blood vessels dilate. However, hives can be triggered by several factors. What are the causes of hives and how to deal with them?
Causes of Hives
- Allergic Reaction
One of the most common causes of hives is an allergic reaction to certain foods, such as nuts, eggs, seafood, or certain other foods. Certain medications can also cause allergic reactions that result in hives. People who have sensitive skin tend to react more strongly to allergens. This can cause greater histamine release and a more severe skin rash reaction. - Environmental factor
Exposure to certain environmental factors such as cold, heat, sunlight, water, or cold air can trigger hives in some individuals. In addition, for some people who have sensitive skin that responds more to environmental factors, experiencing inflammation of the skin can cause hives. - Stress
Emotional or physical stress conditions can also trigger hives in some people. Stress can weaken the immune system so that the body activates the release of chemicals that cause skin rashes. - Infection
Bacterial or viral infections such as upper respiratory tract infections, sinus infections, or throat infections and dental infections can trigger hives in some individuals. - Insect Bites
Some people experience hives after being bitten by insects such as mosquitoes, bees or wasps. The body's reaction to the toxins injected by insects can cause skin rashes.
How to Treat Hives?
- Identify the Cause
Identifying the cause is the first step in treating hives. Pay attention to medication use, stress levels, nutrition, and environmental exposure. Note any factors that trigger hives. - Taking Antihistamines
One of the most common hives medications is antihistamines. Antihistamine drugs are the main treatment for treating the symptoms of hives. Antihistamines work by preventing the body from reacting to histamine, thereby helping reduce rashes and itching. . - Cold compress
Cold compresses can help reduce itching and inflammation of the skin caused by hives. Use a clean cloth dampened with cold water and apply it to the area affected by hives for a few minutes. Avoid rubbing the skin rash. - Avoid Additional Trigger Factors
In addition to avoiding the main trigger, stay away from additional triggers including alcohol, smoke and spicy foods, as they can worsen the symptoms of itching. - Consult a Doctor
If hives become chronic or do not respond to home hives remedies, it is important to consult a doctor or an allergist and immunologist. They can help diagnose the cause of hives and prescribe appropriate treatment.
In maintaining optimal skin health, we are often faced with unexpected challenges, one of which is hives. However, with the right knowledge and the right steps, we can deal with it easily and maintain our quality of life. Remember to always maintain overall health, both physical and mental. Pay attention to your diet, avoid excessive stress, and pay attention to your body. Always consult a medical professional for advice appropriate to your condition and needs. Healthy Greetings!
Article written by dr. Elin Herlina, Sp.DV (Specialist in Dermatology and Venereology at EMC Cibitung Hospital).