Not only in adults, bad breath is very common in children and this usually occurs due to lack of oral hygiene. Most bacterial activity can occur in the mouth, nose or teeth. Respiratory tract infections, diabetes, kidney disease, and liver and digestive disorders can all cause bad breath. However, it should be noted that the main causes of bad breath in children are dental caries and poor oral and dental hygiene. Malocclusion, children's diet, consumption of drugs, dry mouth conditions, and large tonsils can also be considered in some cases of bad breath in children.
Cavities and tooth abscesses
Dental caries which causes cavities directly affects the process of cleaning the oral cavity environment, even if brushing has been carried out. The process of tooth decay takes place quickly and creates an environment for microbial growth. Therefore, the accumulation of food in cavities will cause bad breath. Filling cavities is effective in eliminating bad breath.
Poor oral hygiene
There are several parts in the oral cavity that cause food particles to get trapped. The reaction of microorganisms in this section can cause bad breath. These parts include the surface of the teeth, the grooves and gaps between the teeth and gums, and the pores on the surface of the tongue. Parental neglect of their child's oral health is a major problem that needs to be addressed. Giving sticky and sweet food, not brushing teeth during the day and at night will cause bad breath in children. Most young children will refuse to brush their teeth during the day or at night, displaying stubbornness in this case. Parents may also get bored with daily behavior, and some parents just don't have the patience to interact with children.
Prevention and Treatment of Bad Breath in Children
Education to maintain oral hygiene in children is the first step to avoid bad breath. Cleaning the oral cavity which consists of brushing, flossing teeth, cleaning the top of the tongue, and rinsing can be effective in eliminating bad breath in children.
In early childhood, after eating the teeth must be cleaned with a toothbrush without using toothpaste. Teeth should be brushed twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and tongue should be specially cleaned. The use of dental floss is highly recommended.
The habit of thumb sucking or using a pacifier/pacifier can result in dry mouth, making it a good place for the growth and development of bacteria in the mouth which results in an unpleasant odor. Therefore, if a child has a habit of sucking his thumb, he should frequently wash his hands with soap and water. Likewise, teats/pacifiers that are frequently used must be sterilized in boiling water to remove harmful bacteria.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables such as celery, carrots, lettuce, mushrooms, spinach, apples, oranges, lemons, strawberries and grapes can inhibit plaque formation and eliminate bad breath.
Bad breath can be temporary, especially upon waking in the morning, which goes away after breakfast and brushing your teeth. This is something normal caused by reduced salivation at night.
Children with complaints of inflammation of the tonsils can also experience bad breath, this is due to the production of a paste-like material from the glands. After a tonsillectomy, this can be resolved.
Although in most cases bad breath in children is not a cause for concern, the long term nature of the problem requires correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Consulting with a pediatric dentist will help parents to get the right solution for bad breath in children.
Article written by drg. Fitri Intan Dini, Sp.KGA (Dentist in Pediatric Dentistry at EMC Pekayon Hospital).