Impetigo is a contagious skin infection that can affect anyone, both children and adults. It is caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes that enter through cuts or scratches on the skin. It often occurs in warm, humid environments, making children in daycare, schools, or crowded environments more susceptible.
Although it is more common in children, adults can also be infected, especially if the skin is irritated or injured. Because it is highly contagious, it is important to know the symptoms and proper treatment steps to prevent the infection from spreading.
Impetigo Symptoms to Watch Out For
Signs of impetigo usually begin to appear a few days after the bacteria infect the skin. Some common symptoms of impetigo include:
- Small Red Wound
The initial symptoms of impetigo are usually small red sores that then turn into fluid-filled blisters. These sores often appear on the face, especially around the nose and mouth, and on the hands or neck. These blisters break easily and will leave a thin, honey-yellow crust, which is a typical sign of impetigo.
- Blisters Filled with Fluid or Pus
In some cases, the blisters that appear can contain fluid or pus. These blisters can grow quickly and cover a larger area, especially if not treated immediately. After bursting, the blisters will leave a layer of dry, hardened skin. Blisters that contain pus can indicate a more severe infection and need medical attention.
- Skin Feels Itchy and Uncomfortable
Itching in the infected area is a common symptom of impetigo. Although the itching makes sufferers want to scratch, this should be avoided because it can spread the bacteria to other parts of the skin or even infect others. Spreading infection can worsen the condition and make healing more difficult.
Knowing the symptoms of impetigo is the first step to preventing its spread and ensuring proper treatment. If you or a family member experiences signs such as red sores, fluid-filled blisters, or itching that doesn't go away, you should consult a medical professional immediately.
Prompt and appropriate action is essential to minimize the risk of complications and speed recovery. Do not ignore even mild symptoms, because your skin health is a priority.
Safe and Effective Ways to Treat Impetigo
If symptoms of impetigo appear, it is best to immediately take treatment steps to prevent further spread of the infection. Here are some treatment methods that can be applied:
- Topical Antibiotic Use
For mild cases, doctors usually prescribe topical antibiotics in the form of ointments or creams. These antibiotics are applied directly to the infected skin. The use of topical antibiotics is very effective in controlling infections and inhibiting bacterial growth, as well as helping to speed up the wound healing process.
- Oral Antibiotics for More Serious Infections
In more severe infections, especially if the infected area is large or if topical treatments are ineffective, your doctor may prescribe oral antibiotics. These antibiotics work from within the body to fight the bacteria causing the infection. Oral antibiotic treatment usually lasts for 7-10 days depending on the severity of the infection.
- Maintaining Cleanliness of the Infected Area
To prevent the spread of impetigo, clean the infected area with warm water and antiseptic soap, wash your hands after touching it, and wash clothing and personal items in hot water.
Impetigo Prevention: Simple Steps You Can Take
Prevention is better than cure, considering that this disease is highly contagious. Some simple preventive measures that can be taken include maintaining skin hygiene, washing hands, and avoiding contact with sufferers. Some preventive measures that can be taken include:
- Maintaining Clean Skin
Make sure to always keep your skin clean by bathing regularly, especially after doing outdoor activities. If there are small wounds or scratches on the skin, immediately clean and cover with a sterile plaster to prevent bacteria from entering.
- Avoid Sharing Personal Items
Avoid sharing personal items such as towels, clothing, or personal hygiene items with others. These items can be a medium for spreading the bacteria that cause impetigo.
- Treat Wounds and Scrapes Properly
Pay attention to any cuts or abrasions on the skin, even if they are small. Wash the wound with antiseptic and cover with a sterile bandage if necessary. This will reduce the risk of infection and prevent the bacteria that cause impetigo from entering.
When to Consult a Doctor?
Impetigo can be treated with antibiotics and maintaining skin hygiene. However, if symptoms do not improve after a few days or if fever, swollen lymph nodes, or blisters spread, consult a doctor immediately. Prompt action is essential to avoid complications.
By recognizing the symptoms of impetigo early, you can protect yourself and your family from this infection. Do not hesitate to seek medical help if symptoms worsen or do not improve. Keep your skin clean so that the infection does not develop further and healing is faster.
Article written by Dr. Tania Azhari, Sp.DVE (Specialist Doctor of Dermatology Venereology, EMC Cikarang Hospital).