Melasma is a skin condition characterized by the appearance of brownish or grayish patches on the face. Although not dangerous, this condition can affect a person's appearance and their self-confidence.
Reason
Melasma is a condition in which skin pigment cells, also known as melanocytes, produce excessive amounts of melanin in the skin, leading to the appearance of dark patches. Several factors that can cause excess melanin production include:
- Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can stimulate melanocytes to produce more melanin.
- Hormonal Changes: Pregnant women or those taking contraceptive pills often experience hormonal changes that can trigger melasma.
- Genetics: A family history of melasma may increase a person's risk of developing this condition.
- Use of Cosmetic Products: Some cosmetic products that contain certain chemicals can trigger melasma.
Treating Melasma
Treating melasma can be done in several easy and effective ways:
- Natural Ingredients: Using natural ingredients such as aloe vera, apple cider vinegar and other ingredients can also help the melasma treatment process.
- Topical Medications: If melasma does not improve, the doctor will prescribe medication to help disguise the spots that appear on the skin.
- Chemical Peeling: This procedure will be carried out by applying certain chemicals to the skin affected by melasma and removing dead skin cells and stimulating the growth of new skin cells.
- Laser Therapy: If other methods of treating melasma have not worked, such as chemical peels. Laser therapy can be used to disguise brown spots because this therapy stimulates the formation of new skin cells.
Melasma Prevention
Apart from treating it, preventing melasma is also important to prevent new spots from appearing or worsening existing conditions. Some preventative steps that can be taken include:
- Use sunscreen with a high SPF every time you leave the house, even when the weather is cloudy. Use sunscreen every 2 to 4 hours.
- Use a wide-brimmed hat or umbrella when outdoors to protect your face from direct sunlight.
- Choose the Right Cosmetic Products. Avoid cosmetic products that contain harsh chemicals and choose products that suit your skin type.
- Consume foods that are good for healthy skin and vitamin D.
- Consult a doctor if you want to use hormonal contraception.
Article written by dr. Elin Herlina, Sp.DV (Specialist in Dermatology and Venereology at EMC Cibitung Hospital).