Sexually transmitted infections or also known as sexually transmitted diseases are infections or diseases that are transmitted through intimate contact. This disease is generally characterized by a rash or blisters, vaginal discharge, and pain in the genital area for both men and women. There are many types of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, and HPV.
If left unchecked, sexually transmitted infections can cause serious complications. In women, infertility can occur up to cervical cancer. If it occurs in pregnant women, sexually transmitted diseases can cause miscarriages or birth defects.
Causes of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Sexually transmitted infections can be caused by bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic infections. In addition, having free sex with multiple partners and without protection, such as condoms, can also increase the risk of sexually transmitted diseases. sexually transmitted diseases spread through intercourse, either vaginally, through the rectum (anal), or through the mouth (oral). Transmission can also occur through blood transfusions or sharing needles with sufferers.
Symptoms of Sexually Transmitted Infections
In this case it does not always cause symptoms or only causes mild symptoms. Someone suffering from an STI sometimes only realizes that they have a sexually transmitted disease after complications arise or when their partner is diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection.
The following are some of the symptoms that can arise due to sexually transmitted diseases, which differ depending on the type of disease, but generally are:
- Lumps, sores, or blisters around the penis, vagina, anus, or mouth
- Frequent fever and chills
- Swollen lymph nodes or a lump in the groin
- Skin rash on the body, hands or feet
- Itching in the vagina or penis
- Burning and pain when urinating or having sex
- Discharge from the penis (gonorrhea) or vagina (discharge)
- Pain in the lower abdomen
You also need to see a doctor if your partner is diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection, or if you have risky sexual intercourse, such as:
- Frequently change partners
- Not using condoms
And if you experience anything related to STIs or this problem often recurs, it's a good idea to immediately have a health checkup with a Dermatologist & Genital Specialist and take them straight to the hospital.
Article written by dr. Hadi Firmansyah, Sp. KK, M. Kes (Skin and Genital Specialist at EMC Cikarang Hospital).